This monograph-length investigation examines the cosmological implications forced by the empirical results established in Volume I of the Causal Response Framework. Using the same regime-based, falsification-driven methodology, the work asks not which cosmological models are preferred, but which classes of cosmological behavior remain admissible once instantaneous gravitational inference is excluded.
Rather than proposing a forward cosmology, the analysis proceeds by systematic elimination. A sequence of preregistered adjudication criteria and empirical probes tests whether any admissible cosmological response can remain consistent with observed temporal ordering, spatial coherence, environmental modulation, large-scale structure persistence, and expansion history constraints. The surviving constraint structure restricts admissible behavior to a narrow class of environment-conditioned, history-dependent cosmologies. The volume concludes by identifying this residual class and introducing a descriptive classification—spacetime as an aging medium—without asserting additional ontology or mechanism, deferring cosmological completion to subsequent volumes.
The following figures illustrate the types of observational tests used to adjudicate between admissible and inadmissible gravitational response models. These visuals are provided for orientation only; full methodology, statistical treatment, and interpretation are presented in the associated Zenodo monograph.
Present-state–matched galaxy groups exhibit systematically reduced outcome dispersion relative to random groupings and permutation nulls. This behavior is consistent with history-dependent response and inconsistent with instantaneous gravitational inference.
Observed within-set dispersion distributions deviate from permutation-based null expectations and align with the qualitative structure predicted by the P1 response kernel. The comparison is shown for diagnostic purposes only; formal adjudication is presented in the monograph.
Outer residuals dispersion bifurcates under sign reversal of relative velocity, revealing asymmetric structure not captured by sign-invariant or instantaneous response models.
Matched twin systems exhibit a broad distribution of outer velocity discrepancies despite close baryonic similarity, indicating persistent large-radius structure beyond instantaneous matching criteria.
Residual response metrics vary systematically with environment and host-relative immersion, demonstrating large-scale modulation incompatible with homogeneous or purely local gravitational response.